Some Potential Complications Of Acid Reflux

A person suffering from chronic Acid Reflux disease, must be very alert about the possibility of it degenerating into something, that is life threatening.

For one that suffers from acid reflux for a lifetime, it can contribute to some serious conditions. Acid comes up in the esophagus, scars and burns the walls. Food continues down this path, irritating the ulcerated surface, affecting the movement of esophageal contractions; this all adds to the problem.

Often children and infants who suffer from reflux may not actually vomit, but still, the stomach contents can move up the food pipe and spill into the windpipe into the lungs. These children can have asthma, pneumonia, and even SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) can occur. Also of concern, children with reflux who vomit often may not grow as well as they should.

When stomach fluids reflux into the esophagus, it damages the lining. When this occurs, the body will react with inflammation in what is called Erosive Esophagitis.

Ulcers and the additional associated inflammation gives rise to bleeding into the esophagus.  Sometimes, the bleeding can be severe and may cause severe anemia and require transfusions of blood and endoscopic or surgical treatments.

Because of the scar tissue and ulceration, there is a narrowing of the food pipe. This prevents the easy passage of food, makes swallowing difficult, and can also cause breathing problems- like shortness of breath and wheezing.

Finally, a long standing scarred and ulcerated Esophagus, constantly awash with gastric acid reflux, often causes a change for the worse, in the nature of the cells lining the Esophageal wall. These cells then become pre-cancerous, and finally cancerous. This condition is referred to as Barrett's esophagus, which occurs in approximately 10% of patients with Acid Reflux.  Today, we find an increase in the frequency of those diagnosed with Barrett's Esophagus.

Finally, there are a bunch of nerves in the lower part of the Esophagus, which get disturbed by the Acid Reflux flushing back. This sometimes result in a pain we call heartburn; other times, these nerves transmit the disturbance to some other nerves, that cause constriction of the lung airways, and cough, causing the patient to get breathless.